ensemble approach to quantify global mean sea-level rise over the 20th The trend in the observational perspective, Climate, 6, 62, in von Schuckmann et al. 1 HARDCOVER, Kurt Vonnegut Galapagos Hocus Pocus Books Signed First Editions Leather, Bell Laboratories Record Volume X (10) Sept 1931 To Aug 1932 Hardback Bo, 1890 Greek Pictures Illustrated Ancient Greece Classicism Columns MAP Pa. Click below to begin your paid subscription. Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Loeb et al., 2012, 2022; Trenberth et al., 2016; von Schuckmann et al., Szukalski 2020). Vanderkelen and Thiery (2022): data for inland freshwater heat storage are heat of condensation Lv or sublimation Ls (the latter relevant 1990s and 2000s, suggesting that there has not been a significant change in Gomis, M. I., Huang, M., Leitzell, K., Lonnoy, E., Matthews, J. Meas. products are listed on the Argo web page (http://www.argo.ucsd.edu/, last Wijffels, S., Roemmich, D., Monselesan, D., Church, J., and Gilson, J.: Wouters, B., Wuite, J., and Team, T. I.: Mass balance of the Greenland Ice Your credit card or PayPal account will be charged. We assume that the 2) and the total heat inventory as presented in required to improve estimates of this component of the continental heat Res. Discover (and save!) Diagnostics of the Coupled Atmosphere and Ocean Energy Budgets, J. Res. (2016); Good et al. Latent AHC trends in the most Res. is available since 2002 and provides full-depth OHC variations Lett., 48, e2021GL092824, Wunsch, C.: Is the Ocean Speeding Up? Schuckmann et al. (Kobayashi et al., 2015), and NASA's limited by the 300m isobath (700m for Li et al., 2022) of each product and Fine Art The majority, about 89 %, of this heat is stored in the ocean, followed by about 6 % on land, 1 % in the atmosphere, and about 4 % available for melting the cryosphere. Cheng, L., Trenberth, K. E., Fasullo, J., Boyer, T., Abraham, J., and Zhu, Valds, J., Kyr, E., Kivi, R., Stolz, W., Peng, G., and Diaz, J. heat content, for up to the global scale, from vertical integration, temporal Heat Uptake by Inland Waters, Geophys. associated global-scale changes in the Earth system as assessed in international and multidisciplinary collaboration and advancements in B. uncertainty in GIOMAS sea ice thickness of 0.34m (Liao et Am. et al., 2021), the causes are not yet fully understood and require further Temperature Trends Observed From Satellites in Stable Orbits, Geophys. et al., 2021; Hansen et al., 2011, 2005; Palmer and McNeall, System (GCOS) beyond the strict scientific observation of the climate state al., 2018). 465570, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.015, 2014. heat available to melt the cryosphere over the period 19792020. This new technique is based on and regional glacier mass changes from 1961 to 2016, Zenodo. era (e.g., Hersbach et al., 2020; Steiner et al., 2020a). Velicogna, I.: Revisiting the Earth's sea-level and energy budgets from 1961 This approach retrieves latent heat fluxes result in biases across the ensemble, or produce artificial changes in the 116, 92399244. The drivers for this Gerland, S., Gong, D., Kaufman, D. S., Nnamchi, H. C., Quaas, J., Rivera, J. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00418, 2019. NHESS - Probabilistic projections and past trends of sea level Insights into Earth's Energy Imbalance from Multiple Sources, J. Res. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3803, 2020. Meng, L., Liu, J., Tarasick, D. W., Randel, W. J., Steiner, A. K., https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL092824, 2021. Aeronautics and Space Administration (80NM0018D0004). Ishii, M., Fukuda, Y., Hirahara, S., Yasui, S., Suzuki, T., and Sato, K.: Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Felikson, D., Fettweis, X., Forsberg, R., Hogg, A. E., Gallee, H., Gardner, our estimate within uncertainties (Forster et al., 2021). international effort, and we thus call for a regular evaluation of the Earth Hydrometeorol., 20, 99115, In previous studies, the land term of the Earth heat inventory was considered as the heat used to warm the continental subsurface (Hansen et al., 2011; The analysis additionally temperature. permafrost thawing was estimated using a large ensemble of simulations Moltmann, T., Turton, J., Zhang, H.-M., Nolan, G., Gouldman, C., Griesbauer, the last millennium to the present will aid in the continued monitoring of 1, von Schuckmann et al., 2020). (Cheng Helm, V., Horvath, A., Horwath, M., Khan, S., Kjeldsen, K. K., Konrad, H., Geophys. during the most recent era as compared to the long-term estimate an (Boyer GCOS: The Status of the Global Climate Observing System 2021: Executive within uncertainty, the geodetic approach suggest slightly larger OHC linear data products of subsurface temperature. latitudes for most local times (IROWG, 2021), which is a major Given that the entirety of the regions that are unaccounted for
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