They involve modifying/interfering with the action of neurotransmitters, in order to increase (agonists) or decrease (antagonists) their activity. Schizophrenia: Drug Therapy - A Level Psychology AQA Revision - Study It also seems to be aetiologically heterogeneous as different studies have identified different candidate genes. Ventricles are fluid filled cavities (i.e. In more extreme cases the patient might be unable to cope with the pressures of having to discuss their ideas and feelings and could become stressed by the therapy, or over-fixated with the details of their illness. In CBT, schizophrenia patients are encouraged to trace back the origins of their symptoms in order to get a better idea of how the symptoms might have developed. This suggests that the dopamine hypothesis does not account for freewill. He used MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) to obtain pictures of the brain structure of MZ twins in which one twin was schizophrenic. The intention is to show schizophrenics that their hallucinations are not real. Desirable behavior includes self-care, taking medication, work skills, and treatment participation. A strength of the cognitive explanation is that it has practical applications. This suggests that there is wider academic credibility for the idea of contradictory messages causing schizophrenia. Read et al (2005) reviewed 46 studies of child abuse and schizophrenia and found concluded that 69% of adult women in-patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia had a physical abuse, sexual abuse or . Many people who experience feelings of persecution have a general tendency to assume that other people cause the things that go wrong with their lives. Schizophrenia: Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia | Psychology - tutor2u In order to explain schizophrenia effectively it would be better to take an interactionist approach, such as the diathesis stress model. However, the fact that these people were on medication and having regular meetings with doctors would be expected to have that effect anyway. Antipsychotic drugs are weakened by the fact that they have severe side-effects. PDF Fisiopatologia, avaliao e tratamento da disfuno ertil: artigo de If family dynamics were the sole cause of schizophrenia, then all children raised in similar environments should be schizophrenic. A hundred Danish patients with a history of psychosis were assessed using operational criteria, and a concordance rate of 98% was obtained. This suggests the doctors had no valid method for detecting schizophrenia. Last chance to attend a Grade Booster cinema workshop before the exams. Gender bias: Loring and Powell (1988) found that some behavior which was regarded as psychotic in males was not regarded as psychotic in females. Very important to note genetics are only partly responsible, otherwise identical twins would have 100% concordance rates. laying out what they hope to achieve through the therapy. Explanations of Attachment: Learning Theory, Research Methods: Scientific Method & Techniques, The Ethological Explanation of Aggression, Psychological Explanations of Offending Behaviour, Dealing with Offending Behaviour: Custodial Sentencing. Schizophrenia is a severe mental illness where contact with reality and insight are impaired, an example of psychosis. Research suggests that these delusions are associated with specific biases in reasoning about and explaining social situations. The harmful effects on the child may go completely unacknowledged or be minimized. This suggests that there may be problems of demand characteristics. The understanding and treatment of schizophrenia have been greatly hampered by uncertainty about etiological factors and controversy about diagnostic boundaries. Twenty-six of forty patients (65.0%) were taking haloperidol and 14 (35.0%) chlorpromazine. disputing techniques. This means it cannot be used to treat schizophrenia by itself. Visual - Evaluation of the icd and dsm as tools to diagnose schizophrenia. This suggests that the biological account cannot give a full explanation of the disorder. they said an event was real but it was in their head. Predictive validity. Refer to evidence in youranswer. Family therapy for families of adolescents or young adults who have developed schizophrenia tends currently to emphasize psychoeducation (guidance about schizophrenia and its treatment) and aims at enhancing recovery rather than the discovery of pathogenic patterns of child-rearing (McFarlane 2016 ). Gottesman reports that while the rate of schizophrenia in the general population is 1%, if one parent has schizophrenia there is a 12% likelihood their child will develop it and if both parents have schizophrenia, it increases to 40%. As there is strong evidence that relapse is related to stress and expressed emotion within the family, it seems likely that CBT should be employed alongside family therapy in order to reduce the pressures on the individual patient. [4 marks], Briefly outline family dysfunction as an explanation for schizophrenia. desire): in which a person becomes totally apathetic and sits around waiting for things to happen. The entire evaluation of Schizophrenia (AQA A-level Psychology) 33.39 5.49 3x sold 11 items 1. The biological basis for schizophrenia is therefore not addressed at all in the therapy, limiting its use. Comorbidities were also found with epilepsy being the . Family Dysfunction as an Explanation of Schizophrenia - YouTube Read et al (2005) reviewed 46 studies of child abuse and schizophrenia and found concluded that 69% of adult women in-patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia had a physical abuse, sexual abuse or both during their childhood. Psychology Schizophrenia Family Dysfunction - Advantages and Symptom targeting: a specific symptom is selected for which a particular coping strategy can be devised There is a sizeable minority who do not respond to drug treatment. Laing and others rejected the medical / biological explanation of mental disorders. It binds to dopamine receptors more strongly than Clozapine, and there is some evidence that it produces fewer side-effects. There is a lack of understanding and explanation of how the diathesis-stress model works- it is known that both have to be present to lead to schizophrenia, but not how the mechanisms of schizophrenia symptoms develop. Pharoah identified examples of how family therapy works: It helps family members achieve a balance between caring for the individual and maintaining their own lives, it reduces anger and guilt, it improves their ability to anticipate and solve problems and forms a therapeutic alliance. (2005) tested the reliability of the ICD-10 classification system in diagnosing schizophrenia. They also have some effect on other neurotransmitters such as serotonin . Most importantly, families can make the schizophrenic feel loved, accepted and valued. It is not a cure. Substance abuse: Amphetamine and Cannabis and other drugs have also been identified as triggers as they affect serotonin and glutamate levels.
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