There are four wave erosion processes: Hydraulic action Corrosion Abrasion Attrition Fissures: Much smaller cracks in rocks, often only a few centimeters or millimeters long but they also represent weaknesses that erosion can exploit. Cliff profiles are influenced by geology. The shape of the cliff plays a major role in determining the rate of erosion. Headlands and bays do not generally form because of alternating strata. Show that the work required for the reversible and isothermal expansion of nnn moles of a van der Waals Droops happen because of a mix of components. Erosional landforms - Coastal landforms - AQA - GCSE Geography - BBC They are typically made up of bedding planes (layers) with joints (vertical cracks). The image below shows cracks in the chalk cliffs at Flamborough, Holderness Coast. 3.1B Transport Technology and Globalisation, 3.2 Political and Economic Decision Making, 7C Economic Development and Environmental Impact, 8B Controlling the Spread of Globlisation, 4A.1B Economic Activity and Social Factors, 4A.1A Changing Function and Characteristics, 4A.6 Evaluating the need for Regeneration, 6C Representation and Need for Regeneration, 10A Measuring the Success of Regeneration, 12A Restructuring and Contested Decisions, 7.5 Superpowers and International Decision Making, 7.6 Superpowers and the Physical Environment, 7.6C Middle-Class Consumption on Emerging Powers, 7.8A Emerging Powers and the Developing World, 8.2 Variations in Health and Life Expectancy, 8.3A The relationship between economic and social development, 8.5A Human Rights Vs Economic Development, 8.8 the Positive and Negative of Development, 2B.2C Geological Structure and Cliff Profiles, 2B.3B Rock Strata and Complex Cliff Profiles, 4C Coastal Landscapes Produced by Erosion, 8C Temporal Variations in Coastal Recession, 9A Local Factors that Increase Coastal Flood Risk, A - Economic and Social Losses from Recession, 2B: 12 Integrated Coastal Zone Management, 1B Importance and Size of Stores and Fluxes, 5.4 Deficits within the Hydrological Cycle, 5.8 Consequences and Risks of Water Insecurity, 8A - Causes and Pattern of Physical and Economic Scarcity, 5.9C Integrated Drainage Basin Management, 6.1C - Geological Processes Releasing Carbon, 6.2 Biological Processes Sequestering Carbon, 6.3 Human Activity Altering the Carbon Cycle, 6.6C Radical Technologies to Reduce Carbon Emissions, 6.7 Human Activity Threatening the Carbon and Water Cycles. What is the impact of humans on the temperate deciduous woodland? Why is the Human Development Index important? This is physical weathering. 2B.3B Rock Strata and Complex Cliff Profiles - A-LEVEL GEOGRAPHY The larger the fetch, the longer the time the wind has to affect the waves, resulting in larger waves. Constructive waves are associated with weak discharge and strong swash, which develops deep-level shorelines, and are therefore more associated with coastlines of deposition. The neap tide delivers a low tidal range, in that the higher tide is lower than usual and the low tide more elevated. What is chemical and mechanical weathering? As a result, they protrude into the ocean, forming headlands. For example: If less resistant, weak rock is at the base of the cliff, undercutting and collapse may occur. The Holderness Coast Case Study - Internet Geography k|CN2[>u6/9v}^}_iq>D\"q|}&~=:7";Zn>v6GvAtl|XHAeMcb9) @s"&H:X07]M3=Mi Coastal Fieldwork Techniques - Internet Geography Solution: Weak acids present in ocean water can dissolve certain types of rock, such as chalk or limestone. boulder clay). What controls the location of micro-features found within cliffs? Coastal Systems and Processes. Where do volcanoes and earthquakes happen? Check out Adapt the A-level & GCSE revision timetable app. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". What symptoms might indicate that a person is suffering from anemia? A cliff is a vertical, near vertical or sloping wall of rock or sediment that borders the sea. Which two characters are dominant? Additionally, there are many smaller-scale sub-cells within the larger cells. On a discordant coastline, alternating layers of hard and soft rock are perpendicular to the coast. To examine relationships between the beach profile and other factors, for example rock type, cliff profile, sediment size or shape Equipment Tape measure Ranging poles Clinometer or pantometer Compass Recording sheet Methodology Select sampling points for beach profiles across the width of the beach 1 Vegetation can protect the cliff face but its roots can also grow into cracks and widen them. cliff profiles are a consequence of wave attack, subaerial processes and the nature of the material wave action undercuts cliffs through abrasion and hydraulic action softer and more jointed rocks will erode more rapidly because of lower levels of physical strength and cohesion and smaller surface areas The lithology of a coastline affects how quickly its eroded. How has urbanisation helped Nigeria to develop? What is the location and importance of Rio de Janeiro? High energy coasts Waves are powerful (for a significant part of the year) The rate of erosion exceeds the rate of deposition In sedimentary rocks, joints form when rock is subject to compression or stretching by tectonic forces or weight of overlying rock. Geography: Landscape systems, processes and change (NEW). They result from the interaction of a number of processes: Rocks tend to form in layers of different rock types known as beds. 8G@3q~L S "&b 9j3)l%-j93E9s2]rJI7 _-BeE%VamCh)M3E9#XsXx As always, humans have an impact on coastal erosion. The outer hard rock (for example,granite) provides a protective barrier to erosion of the softer rocks (for example,clays) further inland. A cliff with seaward dipping bedding planes. Pore water pressure in the saturated layer pushes rock particles apart. How can we increase the amount of food produced globally? This happens as waves store salt crystals in cracks and after some time the salt-like ice applies strain to the cracks. Some cliffs are formed of a mixture of rock types - the exact .