[120], Another key question is whether Confucian political thought is compatible with liberalism. [110], In The China Model, Bell argues that Confucian political meritocracy providesand has provideda blueprint for China's development. As a whole, this group is expected to grow from about 58 million in 2010 to more than 61 million in 2050. Confucius believed that social disorder often stemmed from failure to perceive, understand, and deal with reality. A Confucian revival began during the Tang dynasty (618907CE). How Does Confucianism Influence Health Behaviors, Health Outcomes and [6] According to American philosopher Herbert Fingarette's conceptualisation of Confucianism as a philosophical system which regards "the secular as sacred",[7] Confucianism transcends the dichotomy between religion and humanism, considering the ordinary activities of human lifeand especially human relationshipsas a manifestation of the sacred,[8] because they are the expression of humanity's moral nature (xng ), which has a transcendent anchorage in Heaven (Tin ). [129][131], Confucianism influenced the German philosopher Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, who was attracted to the philosophy because of its perceived similarity to his own. To Confucius, the junzi sustained the functions of government and social stratification through his ethical values. Confucius saw an opportunity to reinforce values of compassion and tradition into society. A global perspective is needed to universalize its concerns. [141] During the Han dynasty period, the influential Confucian text Lessons for Women (Njie), was written by Ban Zhao (45114CE) to instruct her daughters how to be proper Confucian wives and mothers, that is, to be silent, hard-working, and compliant. [114] Jiang's aim is to construct a legitimacy that will go beyond what he sees as the atomistic, individualist, and utilitarian ethos of modern democracies and ground authority in something sacred and traditional. The traditions of the ("Nine Fields") and of the Yijing flourished. Zhou kings declared that their victory over the Shang was because they were virtuous and loved their people, while the Shang were tyrants and thus were deprived of power by Tian.[3]. On the contrary, the xiaoren (, xiorn, "small or petty person") does not grasp the value of virtues and seeks only immediate gains. [155] More recently, some scholars have also begun to discuss the viability of constructing a "Confucian feminism". Confucius and Confucianism were opposed or criticised from the start, including Laozi's philosophy and Mozi's critique, and Legalists such as Han Fei ridiculed the idea that virtue would lead people to be orderly. Confucianism. He found order and understanding in his . This represents 0.09% of the world's population, or slightly less than 1%. RELIGION AS A PERCENTAGE OF WORLD POPULATION: 0.1 percent OVERVIEW. [42], Zigong, a disciple of Confucius, said that Tin had set the master on the path to become a wise man (9.6). This reinvigorated form was adopted as the basis of the imperial exams and the core philosophy of the scholar-official class in the Song dynasty (9601297). Confucianism in the United States - Wikipedia Particular duties arise from one's particular situation in relation to others. [40] There are such a number of uses in Chinese thought that it is not possible to give one translation into English. Confucianism, the way of life propagated by Confucius in the 6th-5th century bce and followed by the Chinese people for more than two millennia. [157] The Jesuits, including Matteo Ricci, saw Chinese rituals as "civil rituals" that could co-exist alongside the spiritual rituals of Catholicism. This emphasis on benevolent rulership, expressed in numerous bronze inscriptions, was both a reaction to the collapse of the Shang dynasty and an affirmation of a deep-rooted worldview. The Master said, "How uncultivated you are, Yu! Demographics & Geography - Confucianism Pd. 3 - Google Sites They ought to ask what makes political hierarchies just and use these criteria to decide the institutions that deserve preservation, those that require reform, and those that need radical transformation.